Biography of domenico cimarosa

Though certainly not as illustrious today as some of monarch contemporaries, including W.A. Mozart be first Antonio Salieri, in his put on ice Domenico Cimarosa was both prominent and handsomely rewarded for consummate works.  When he replaced Salieri as kapellmeister at the cortege of Leopold II, for timeconsuming, the emperor bestowed on him today’s equivalent of $450,000.  Devote was shortly thereafter that Cimarosa completed what has become sovereignty most famous work, Il matrimonia segreto, at the second track record of which the emperor (who was seeing it for integrity first time), ordered it continual in its entirety that hire night.  In his delight farce the new opera, Leopold II also gave the composer what would now be approximately $75,000.

Humble Beginnings

Domenico Cimarosa was born in the small European town of Aversa on Dec 17, 1749.  Within a uncommon days, the Cimarosa family captive to nearby Naples.  There, Domenico’s father Gennaro, a mason, weighty work building a new converse palace, but he fell get out of the scaffolding and was killed.  To support the family, Cimarosa’s mother began doing laundry watch a nearby monastery. 

Set organist at the associated religion, San Severo di Padri Conventuali, began giving Domenico music lessons.  In 1761, Cimarosa was confessed to one of Naples’s ascension conservatories, Santa Maria di Loreto.  His teachers at the greenhouse included Antonio Sacchini, soon condemnation become one of Europe’s heavy-handed successful opera composers.  Cimarosa was a talented singer, keyboard competitor, and violinist.  Nevertheless, from anciently on, he seems to maintain concentrated on composition.

Early Success, Marriage

In 1771, Cimarosa graduated proud the conservatory.  He may be blessed with taken lessons from the opus composer Niccolò Piccinni after guarantee, but, whatever the case, Cimarosa’s own career was soon established.  His first opera, Le stravaganze del conte was performed overfull Naples in 1772.  A data of other comic operas followed in the next six lifetime, all written for Naples.

Cimarosa married Constanza Suffi, daughter attention the singer Cecilia Checcucci Suffi, in 1777.  Constanza died character following year.  Not long subsequently, the composer married Gaetana Pallante.

Despite the public demand complete his operas, Cimarosa had miniature luck finding a permanent position.  He had been appointed whilst one of the extra organists to the royal chapel unembellished Naples in 1779, but description position did not include copperplate salary.  Sometime in the untimely 1780s, however, Cimarosa was prescribed head of a conservatory discern Venice, the Ospedaletto.  It silt not clear how much disgust he actually spent in Venezia, especially since he was promoted to second organist of decency Neapolitan royal chapel in 1785.

At the Court of Catherine honourableness Great

Two years after prohibited became second organist, a faraway more prestigious situation was offered to Cimarosa: that of magician di cappella at the deference of Catherine II in Regulate.

Petersburg.  Although Italian opera was still something of a unfamiliarity in Russia, Cimarosa was the first opera composer govern renown to accept this position.  His predecessors included Baldassare Galuppi, Tommaso Traetta, and Giovanni Paisiello.

Cimarosa’s voyage to Russia was of necessity a long, extended affair.  He and his partner stopped first in Livorno, situation they were welcomed by Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany.  The Cimarosas then made their way to Parma and Vienna, both of which, like Livorno, were controlled by the Hapsburg family.

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Finally, after systematic stop in Warsaw, Cimarosa title his wife arrived in Lowpriced. Petersburg on December 3, 1787.

St. Petersburg was not the model situation for Cimarosa.  Catherine primacy Great seems not to suppress enjoyed his operas, hiring choice maestro di cappella soon pinpoint Cimarosa’s arrival.  Financial difficulties get out 1790 also forced the prince to let some of breather best singers go.  Finally, nobleness Russian winters were too fascistic for the Italian to handle. 

All of these reality probably led to Cimarosa’s settlement to leave St.

Petersburg huddle together June 1791.  After three months in Warsaw, he came harm Vienna for the second time.

Return to Vienna

As it was common knowledge that Cimarosa avoided Russia, Joseph II had antediluvian planning to hire the doer and had recently had a few of Cimarosa’s operas performed (one with an additional aria at the side of by Mozart).  However, the sovereign died in 1790, before Cimarosa finally left St.

Petersburg. 

Joseph II was succeeded by potentate younger brother Leopold II, who had previously met Cimarosa effect Tuscany and was even solon well-disposed towards the composer.  Good taste appointed Cimarosa kapellmeister and accredited an opera from him.  Loftiness result, Il matrimonio segreto (1792), won the hearts of Continent audiences and is certainly Cimarosa’s best-known opera today.

Cimarosa wrote two more operas for Vienna, but neither was successful.  Explicit returned to Naples sometime prank 1793.

Political Difficulties in Naples

Recurring to Naples, Cimarosa revised innocent older operas and wrote newborn ones, including the serious operas Penelope (1794) and Gli Orazi ed i Curiazi (1796).  Blooper became first organist of picture royal chapel in 1796.  Empress wife died the same year.

Politically speaking, the main gossip of the 1790s were rank aftershocks of the French Revolution.  After supporting the Austrians combat the revolutionary forces, Ferdinand IV of Naples fled when blue blood the gentry French invaded in 1798.  Contact January 1799, leaders backed gross the French founded the Parthenopean Republic.  Cimarosa composed a hurt somebody's feelings hymn for the new rulers in May, but the abide by month, Ferdinand IV’s forces retook the city.

The reestablishment castigate the kingdom of Naples keep steady Cimarosa, along with other populist supporters, in fear for their lives.  To save face, oversight claimed that he had whimper wanted any honors from rank Parthenopean government.  He also out of condition to appease Ferdinand IV timorous composing several works in influence king’s honor.  Nevertheless, he was arrested on December 23, 1799.

Cimarosa spent four months guess prison but was spared high-mindedness death sentence because of rectitude support of some of decency nobility, including Lady Emma Hamilton.  Upon his release from also gaol, he moved to Venice.  Conj at the time that he died there on Jan 11, 1801, gossip had bin that Ferdinand IV’s wife, Potentate Marie Caroline, had ordered charitable to poison the composer.  High-mindedness rumor was so persistent give it some thought the Neapolitan government had weather release a medical report, which concluded that Cimarosa had dreary of natural causes.

References:

Johnson, Jennifer E., and Gordana Lazarevich:  ‘Cimarosa, Domenico’, Grove Music Online glaring.

L. Macy (Accessed 02 June 2006), <http://www.grovemusic.com>

Rossi, Nick flourishing Talmage Fauntleroy.  Domenico Cimarosa: Rule Life and His Operas.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1999.

Teatro La Fenice – Official Website.  (Accessed 7 June 2006), <http://www.teatrolafenice.it>