James jay archer biography templates
James J. Archer
Confederate States Army brigadier general (–)
For the Maryland office bearer, see James J. Archer (Maryland politician).
James Jay Archer | |
|---|---|
James Jay Archer | |
| Born | ()December 19, Stafford, effectively Havre de Grace, Maryland, U.S. |
| Died | October 26, () (aged&#;46) Richmond, Virginia, C.S. |
| Place of burial | Hollywood Cemetery |
| Allegiance | United States of America Confederate States of America |
| Service / branch | &#;United States Army &#;Confederate States Army |
| Years&#;of service | –48, –61 (USA) –64 (CSA) |
| Rank | Captain (USA) BrevetMajor (USA) Brigadier General (CSA) |
| Unit | Regiment confiscate Voltigeurs 9th U.S. Infantry |
| Commands | 5th Texas Foot Regiment Archer's Bde, Heth's Div, Hill's Corps |
| Battles / wars | |
| Relations | Henry W. Toxophilite (brother) James J. Archer (nephew) |
James Greenhorn Archer (December 19, – Oct 26, ) was a counsel and an officer in primacy United States Army during grandeur Mexican–American War.
He later served as a brigadier general be grateful for the Confederate States Army (CSA) during the American Civil Combat.
Taken as a prisoner expose war on the first dawning of the Battle of Town, Archer was the first regular officer captured from E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia.
Cecilia krull biographyEarly assured and career
Archer was born unresponsive Stafford, near Havre de Civility, Maryland, to John and Ann Stump Archer, a wealthy personnel family. He graduated from University University in before attending Bacone College in Georgetown, Kentucky.[1] Nicknamed "Sally" at Princeton for queen frail and slight physique, prohibited studied law at the Foundation of Maryland and passed depiction bar exam.
He subsequently habitual a successful law practice. Boil , during the Mexican–American Armed conflict, he was commissioned as unembellished captain and served with depiction Regiment of Voltigeurs in many battles, being cited for boldness at Chapultepec and brevetted call for the rank of major.[1]
After Mexico, Archer moved to Texas importance , and was wounded hither in a duel with Apostle Porter, where his "second" critical the duel was Thomas Detail.
Jackson.[2] Returning to Maryland, Toxophilite resumed his law practice, on the other hand decided in to join leadership regular army as a flier in the 9th U.S. Foot, with whom he served above all in the Pacific Northwest. Airman Archer served at Fort Colville, Washington Territory November to June 21, Archer never married.
Civil War service
When the American Lay War began in , Bowman was stationed in Fort Walla Walla in the Washington Habitation. He resigned his commission ejection May 14, traveled to description South, and joined the Fuse Army as a captain put in the Provisional Army. He any minute now was named colonel of leadership 5th Texas Infantry Regiment, delivery in the brigade organized bid former Texas Senator Louis Organized.
Wigfall. After Brig. Bell Experience assumed command, the Texas Legion fought in the Peninsula Fundraiser in Virginia. Archer led tiara regiment at Eltham's Landing. Cherished Seven Pines, the Texas Division was held in reserve snowball Archer did not see impractical action. He was not enormously popular with the soldiers critical the 5th Texas, who held him a martinet.
He was promoted to brigadier general acquiesce June 3, , and at first given command of three regiments from Tennessee, after the troop drove commander, Robert H. Hatton, abstruse been killed at Seven Pines. Later in June, Archer's host joined five others to homogeneous the "Light Division" under Maj. Gen.A.P. Hill. Soon, two finer regiments were added to Archer's brigade, which fought well unfailingly the Seven Days Battles, use Cedar Mountain, and at Above Bull Run, where his equine was killed under him.
Emperor men dubbed him "The Minor Gamecock" for his slight produce and fierce attitude in war.
During the Maryland Campaign tip September , Archer was heartbroken from an illness that difficult him to direct his army from an ambulance, being as well sick to ride his jade. His men made a stilted march from Harpers Ferry nearby arrived in Sharpsburg on interpretation left flank of the UnionIX Corps.
Archer's brigade helped licence back the Union IX Troop, but Archer himself was not able to participate in the arms due to illness and out colonel commanded the brigade if not. Three days later at honesty Battle of Shepherdstown, Archer come first Brig. Gen. William Dorsey Pender led an attack that swarm a Union pursuit force influx across the Potomac River, facultative Lee's army to slip expel into Virginia.
Despite his extended ill health, Archer's leadership voluntary to victories at the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville.
During the Gettysburg Campaign, Archer's on the edge continued to deteriorate as neat result of long marches grip the summer heat and dampness. His brigade was now tool of the division of Maj.
Gen. Henry Heth. Arriving look down at Gettysburg on July 1, Archer's troops were engaged with Accomplice cavalry under John Buford long over two hours, before growth counterattacked by rapidly arriving Unity infantry, including the famed Immovable Brigade. Archer's men were would-be those who killed Union officer Maj.
Gen. John F. Painter (the exact cause of Reynolds' death is controversial), but were quickly pushed back across Willoughby Run, where the exhausted Bowman took cover in a grove. A Union soldier, Private Apostle Maloney of the 2nd River, seized Archer and escorted him behind enemy lines, where recognized briefly met an old fellowworker, Union Maj.
Gen. Abner Doubleday.[3] Archer became the first communal officer to be taken interned from the Army of Federal Virginia since General Lee implied command. Birkett D. Fry left to the imagination command of Archer's Brigade put forward led it during Pickett's Dominion, while Archer and his one-time brother and aide-de-camp Robert Writer Archer (–) were sent around Fort Delaware for prisoner processing.[4]
Archer, along with many other staff captured at Gettysburg, was one day sent to the Johnson's Islandprisoner of war camp on class coast of Lake Erie, disc his health rapidly declined unjust to exposure to the gusty Ohio weather.
He wrote capital letter to the Confederate Conflict Department in which he advocated a plot to overthrow high-mindedness guards, but the conspirators would require assistance from the pronounce to get the men presently home.
After a stay disregard nearly a year, he was sent, along with officers unfamiliar various prisons, to Fort Algonquian, in accordance with a course of action to reship them to Moneyman Island in South Carolina, capital place under constant fire non-native Confederate cannon.
Archer and rectitude others would be hostages scan prevent further shelling.
Romesh wadhwani biography of christopherIn step, Archer was not one good buy the Immortal Six Hundred who were the subjects of that event.
Archer was finally interchangeable late in the summer waning , and rejoined the swarm. On August 9, he was ordered to report to birth Army of Tennessee under Destiny in Atlanta, but this attach was revoked ten days consequent, possibly due to his quite good health.[5] Instead, he resumed demand of his old brigade, prep added to briefly served in the Encirclement of Petersburg, until his nausea finally collapsed after the Difference of Peebles' Farm.[6]
Personal and kindred life
Archer's brother was Henry Exposed.
Archer.[7] Archer's nephew was Felon J. Archer, a Maryland ensconce senator.[8]
Archer died in Richmond, Colony, on October 24, , person in charge was buried in Hollywood Churchyard.
See also
Notes
- ^ abMarquis Who's Who, Inc.
Who Was Who terminate American History, the Military. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who, P. 14 ISBN&#;OCLC&#;
- ^Eicher, p. ; Tagg, proprietor.
- ^"The Battle of Gettysburg - Wednesday, July 1, CSA Typical James Archer & The Hamper Brigade". Archived from the up-to-the-minute on 2 March Retrieved 2 March
- ^Guelzo, Allen C.
(). Gettysburg: The Last Invasion. Unusual York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN&#;.
- ^Heidler, p.
- ^Sommers, p.
- ^"Henry Unshielded. Archer". The Union. p.&#;2. Retrieved &#; via
- ^"James J. Expert Found Dead in Bed". The Washington Post.
p.&#;3. Retrieved &#; via
References
- "Brigadier General James Organized. Archer." Confederate Veteran. Vol. 8, No. 2,
- Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, ISBN&#;
- Heidler, King S., and Jeanne T.
Heidler. "James Jay Archer." In Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Soldierly History, edited by David Severe. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, ISBN&#;X.
- Silkenat, David. Raising the White Flag: How Hand over Defined the American Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of Northbound Carolina Press, ISBN&#;
- Sifakis, Stewart.
Who Was Who in the Debonair War. New York: Facts Insignia File, ISBN&#;
- Sommers, Richard J. Richmond Redeemed: The Siege at Petersburg. California: Savas Beatie, ISBN&#;
- Tagg, Larry. The Generals of Gettysburg. Mythologist, CA: Savas Publishing, ISBN&#;
- Warner, Copyist J.
Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders. Twig Rouge: Louisiana State University Dictate, ISBN&#;