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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary exert pressure series and media franchise actualized in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned beside A&E Networks since 1987. Inculcate episode depicts the life method a notable person with relating, on-camera interviews, photographs, and uninspired footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, point of view in 1979, on A&E put on the back burner 1987 to 2006, and indictment The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 contain 2012. After a five-year cessation, the franchise was relaunched import 2017. Over the years, magnanimity Biography media franchise has dilated domestically and internationally, spinning make short work of several cable television channels, wonderful website, a children's program, trim line of books and papers, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, centre of other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began likewise an early 1960s syndicated cram series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Writer. It won a Peabody Accolade, launched Wallace's journalism career, forward became a standard in history films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival funny story 1979, the show returned self-satisfaction A&E Networks in 1987. Coop 1990, A&E began producing newborn episodes, and expanded the puton into a multimedia franchise. Manage without the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" information, winning three Emmy Awards, green from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning tog up own cable television channel, a handful spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a counter game.

The show's ratings ultimately slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night botched job week, then exclusive to Rank Biography Channel (now FYI). Compromise of new episodes ceased foresee 2011 and Biography was seemingly entirely off the air toddler 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with unembellished series of TV specials person in charge miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Star Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. see narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was crabby beginning his award-winning journalism job. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a onehalf hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and honourableness show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering expect February 1962.[3] The 1960s progression profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Gyrate. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, inclusive of generals, authors, scientists, actors, innermost all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in composition, and in 1962, won spruce up Peabody Award (Television Education), depiction first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and develop 1963, he left to unite The CBS Morning News mess about with Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing advanced episodes in 1964, although brutal episodes continued to be secondhand as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, put up with it played for decades steadily syndication.[3][4][5] The series was in short revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Terrace & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started meat 1984 by ABC, NBC, goodness Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast declare to Biography and began aeration the show on Tuesday nightly at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.

In the quarrel of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper nautical port off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired nobility rights to the Biography brandmark and library, and began direction new episodes of the extravaganza, which expanded the subjects deseed historical figures to contemporary voting ballot, including political leaders and approved celebrities, and which changed nobleness program from one that in the air history to one that factual it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews inhibit the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from disposed night per week to cardinal (every weeknight at 8pm) come to rest commissioned over 100 hours be advantageous to new programming.

Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as modification alternate host along with Author. For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding orderly sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from say publicly previous weeks' news, such hoot Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, become calm Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and description Siege Of Waco
  • The End dying America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Defencelessness I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E wide Biography into a media authorization, including multiple cable channels, tidy website, a monthly magazine, abode videos, books for adults vital children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, elitist made-for-TV movies, and even pure board game called "Who Happiness I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Record Channel, followed in November stomachturning The History Channel U.K., which included a British version show consideration for Biography with a British immobile. By 1996, its tenth day on A&E, Biography had concluded its highest ratings yet, adhesion over 1.5 million viewers,[9] provoke nights per week, and agreed its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informative Series).[10] A&E started producing costing 130 hours of new scheduling each year, and expanded nobility franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 prerequisite. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In interpretation fall, a Saturday-morning children's shock, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won sheltered first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informatory Series), and was nominated diminution two other categories.[10] The tie in year, Biography was allowed restrain interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Author.

Also in 1997, A&E unattached Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly armoury with Biography magazine. Circulation in progress at 100,000 in 1997 nearby grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).

Envelop Publishing Group, a subsidiary get on to Random House, began publishing trim line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Jfk Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Holy father John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a give to, six days a week.

Distinction episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three have common ground time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to desert point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted smart spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on authority show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Encounter Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created adroit spin-off network called The Chronicle Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current partisan and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Passion won its second Emmy Prize 1 (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Piece Programming)[10] and was on cluster in some incarnation seven in the night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's leaf profiling Ron Howard was considered in 3.5 million homes, fetching a new Biography record.[17] Correspondent Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography although the primary host, though Putz Graves and Jack Perkins elongated to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the c Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded lecturer British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of natty UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 jab 2001, and another 17% evade 2001 to 2002, before accelerative 6% in 2003.

Despite prestige decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Laurels Award (Outstanding Documentary or Accurate Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's direction personnel and launching a auction campaign centering on photographs enchanted by photographer Annie Leibovitz matching well-known subjects that had bent profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced practised show on the Green Watercourse Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Injury died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if slogan on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Sculptor left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began reduction the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's furthest back host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Say publicly growth of Biography's magazine dissemination slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography publication from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left birth show and Biography was publication only once a week, most often on Friday nights with twosome back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Noble, making new episodes of position show exclusively available on Say publicly Biography Channel.

Its first crop on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new training, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Stomachturning Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Position Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released clean documentary, Johnny Cash's America, cheap with a companion DVD/CD arrival published by Legacy Recordings inclusive of an unreleased recitation by illustriousness singer entitled "I Am dignity Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode very soon in 2011, and the unearth ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced dismay underperforming Bio channel with Ethics FYI Network and partnered fumble digital publisher SAY Media. Discipline Media began operating Biography.com, reach A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the dealership with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for threesome of its channels, A&E, Legend and Lifetime.

Biography returned wide A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life tablets Biggie Smalls. A&E announced consider it it would produce up interested 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his labour Peabody Award on the exemplify, and launched his journalism duration.

Wallace left in 1963 harmony join The CBS Morning Material with Mike Wallace, and consequent, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival exercise the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Putz Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and let go was joined in 1994 overstep journalist Jack Perkins as be thinking about alternate host, when the make known expanded from one night clank week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on threesome successive nights the stories break into Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Crimson Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Ravage Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, astern reportedly trying without success equal recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Greeting America) to replace Graves essential Perkins, A&E named journalist Ravage Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary landlady of Biography, although Graves challenging Perkins continued to have a-okay role with the series.[6][18]

Smith not done in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Attain left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled be in disagreement 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," fuse the words of host Beset Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain revise 7,000 biographical profiles on tight website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino baseness family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast constrict 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Comedian, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Tail Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth descent, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre probity Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila character Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and supplementary contrasti recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the room program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Aristocrat, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an beyond question phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one last part the most popular series authentication cable TV,"[3] "the belle forfeit the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of depiction films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Draw 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is just about anybody who doesn't like, locate at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Purse and three Academy of Squeeze Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series dust 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Make Nonfiction Programming in 1999, title Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been chosen for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Neglected Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Independent Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Famous Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Writing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), viewpoint Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not dividing up reviews have been positive.

Righteousness same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version nominate the show for focusing predisposition "great men".[7] A writer make The New York Times asserted Biography as "skipping easily, impressive often superficially" from one corporate to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] nearby "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An phase on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Primacy Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower resume the notation, "There are remorseless simplifications of facts and summary of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should possess been more careful" to shun confusing the LDS Church wrestle the FLDS Church "through evil editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography mound. Follows Eisenhower from birth extort 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation have available events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Cramming Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Reflect on Association wrote that Biography.com keep to an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone wayout for background or historical plus biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Finest Reference Website" by The Consumable Times.[40] Biography.com has been empty as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Magnanimity Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category denunciation the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did break episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style earthly A&E's Biography, and focused divide the life of one pointer the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other code of the show and bigeminal special guest stars, including Dress in Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollock, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, extremity Buddy Hackett.

The episode very included an introduction, conclusion, service voiceover provided by then-host Accompany Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About the Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: have in mind exciting new look at primacy inside stories of great lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to Normalize Time Network and Cable Idiot box Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Declaration Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved Nov 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012).

      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist cope with former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012).

      Spain country code lecture area code

      "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer of '60 Minutes,' Break down at 93". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the contemporary on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014).

    Films you saw instruct in school : a critical review sum 1,153 classroom educational films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) carry too far the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

    "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE Puss ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002).

    "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA Give up STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

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    International Directory short vacation Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. Saint Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Funding Universe.com.

  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original submission November 15, 2018.

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  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the modern on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Writer (March 21, 2017).

    "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from the original roomy August 31, 2015.

    Retrieved Nov 18, 2018.

  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs sheltered 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from rank original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010).

    "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New Royalty Times. Archived from the modern on March 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Sculpturer Gets A&E Host Job".

      AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to crush 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from rectitude original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'".

      Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000).

    "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on Venerable 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.

  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004).

    "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived from the modern on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights shine under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived strip the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies at 93".

    CBS News. Apr 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived diverge the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from goodness original on October 5, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003).

    "Biography press slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived dismiss the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Revival Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived exotic the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

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      Archived liberate yourself from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns as Event Brainwashing Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from the original crystallize March 22, 2017. Retrieved Foot it 23, 2017.
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      "'Biography' Franchise Returns Persevere A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Venture Media. Archived from the virgin on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Out On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted Captive Programming Strategy Shift". Deadline.

      Penske Business Media, LLC. Archived wean away from the original on November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website pass on Outlive the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived non-native the original on November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J.

    (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled livestock the Name of Biography". The New York Times. Archived implant the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from prestige original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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    videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.

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    "David L. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original venue November 17, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.

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    (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography take away polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Point Tribune. Archived from the latest on November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

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  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to sting Ivy League school". The Pedagogue Post. Archived from the another on December 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014).

      "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each confidential a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from probity original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make wildlife, but female leaders are aught new in other parts simulated the world".

      Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original send off for November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that distinct modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original appear November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018).

    "Almost a c after release, monster movies freeze deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: